A VLSI DSP DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF COMB FILTER USING UN-FOLDING METHODOLOGY

In signal processing, a comb filter adds a delayed version of a signal to itself, causing constructive and destructive interference. Comb filters are used in a variety of signal processing applications that is Cascaded Integrator-Comb filters, Audio effects, including echo, flanging, and digital waveguide synthesis and various other applications. Comb filter when implemented has lower through-put as the sample period can not be achieved equal to the iteration bound because node computation time of comb filter is larger than the iteration bound. Hence throughput remains less. This paper present the comb filter using one of the methodology needed to design custom or semi custom VLSI circuits named as Un-Folding which increases the throughput of the comb filter. Un-Folding is a transformation technique that can be applied to a DSP program to create a new program describing more than one iteration of the original program. It can unravel hidden con-currency in digital signal processing systems described by DFGs. Therefore, unfolding has been used for the sample period reduction of the comb filter for its higher throughput

A VLSI DSP DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ALL POLE LATTICE FILTER USING RETIMING METHODOLOGY

All pole lattice fil ters are used in a variety of signal processing applications that is speech processing, adaptive filters and various other applications. The implementation of lattice f i l t e r requires more clock period hence low speed. There are various transformation technique pr es ent for design of high-speed or low-area or lowpower implementations. This paper presents design of high-speed (smaller clock period) implementation of 8th order all pole lattice filter using the methodology named as Retiming. Retiming reduces the clock period of the circuit, reducing the number of registers in the circuit, reducing the power consumption of the circuit. Therefore, retiming has been used to reduce the clock period of all pole lattice filters and it increases the speed of the system

Electrical transition of (3,3) carbon nanotube on patterned hydrogen terminated Si(001)-2 x 1 driven by electric field

Structure, energetics, and electrical properties of (3,3) carbon nanotube(CNT) supported on patterned hydrogen terminated Si(001): 2 × 1 surface are studied using density functional theory. Our investigation reveals that an otherwise metallic (3,3) CNT when supported becomes semiconducting with a band gap of ≈0.5 eV due to its strong interaction with the surface. During adsorption, Si-C bonds form at the interface and charges transfer from Si surface to CNT. The Si-C bonds at the interface are partially covalent and partially ionic in nature. Under the application of an external electric field, the bandgap of the supported CNT reduces to zero, hence rendering the system metallic

HIV seropositivity in high risk individuals and in pulmonary tuberculosis

Background: The association between tuberculosis and HIV has been well known. South Asia especially India is witnessing largest number of new AIDS cases and the epidemic is well established. TB shortens the life expectancy of HIV positive people. Keeping the association between TB and HIV in mind, this study was planned to screen HIV seropositivity in all patients of pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis. The aim was to study HIV seroprevalence in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis and extrapulmonary tuberculosis of population of Bundelkhand region, India.Methods: 282 patients of pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis attending OPD or admitted in wards were included in the study as per inclusion criteria over two years.  ELISA was done to detect HIV seropositivity in these patients.Results: A total of 184 patients were male and 98 were female with 16 and 2 patients who were seropositive respectively. Out of 282 patients of pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis 35 (12.4%) had heterosexual promiscuity. Out of these 15 (42.35%) were HIV seropositive. A total of 115 patients were sputum smear positive for TB and 167 were confirmed as cases of sputum smear negative TB.Conclusions: The prevalence of HIV seropositivity among pulmonary and extra pulmonary TB in the present study was 6.38%. Tuberculosis was associated with an increased incidence of HIV. HIV was associated most with heterosexual promiscuity as a risk factor and presented more with extra pulmonary tuberculosis.

Halloween Recital

Students of Janessa LeMmon, Eliza Nelson, and Taylor Packer perform at the Youth Conservatory\u27s Halloween recital.https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/music_programs/1133/thumbnail.jp

Catalytic activities of platinum nanotubes: a density functional study

In this work we investigate the catalytic properties of platinum nanotubes using density functional theory based calculations. In particular, we study the dissociation of hydrogen and oxygen molecules as well as oxidation of CO molecules. The results indicate that platinum nanotubes have good catalytic properties and can be effectively used in converting CO molecule to CO2

A personalized biomedical risk assessment infographic for people who smoke with COPD: a qualitative study

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes 3 million deaths each year, yet 38% of COPD patients continue to smoke. Despite proof of effectiveness and universal guideline recommendations, smoking cessation interventions are underused in practice. We sought to develop an infographic featuring personalized biomedical risk assessment through future lung function decline prediction (with vs without ongoing smoking) to both prompt and enhance clinician delivery of smoking cessation advice and pharmacotherapy, and augment patient motivation to quit. Methods We recruited patients with COPD and pulmonologists from a quaternary care center in Toronto, Canada. Infographic prototype content and design was based on best evidence. After face validation, the prototype was optimized through rapid-cycle design. Each cycle consisted of: (1) infographic testing in a moderated focus group and a clinician interview (recorded/transcribed) (with questionnaire completion); (2) review of transcripts for emergent/critical findings; and (3) infographic modifications to address findings (until no new critical findings emerged). We performed iterative transcript analysis after each cycle and a summative qualitative transcript analysis with quantitative (descriptive) questionnaire analysis. Results Stopping criteria were met after 4 cycles, involving 20 patients (58% male) and 4 pulmonologists (50% male). The following qualitative themes emerged: Tool content (infographic content preferences); Tool Design (infographic design preferences); Advantages of Infographic Messaging (benefits of an infographic over other approaches); Impact of Tool on Determinants of Smoking Cessation Advice Delivery (impact on barriers and enablers to delivery of smoking cessation advice in practice); and Barriers and Enablers to Quitting (impact on barriers and enablers to quitting). Patient Likert scale ratings of infographic content and format/usability were highly positive, with improvements in scores for 20/21 questions through the design process. Providers scored the infographic at 77.8% (“superior”) on the Suitability Assessment of Materials questionnaire. Conclusions We developed a user preference-based personalized biomedical risk assessment infographic to drive smoking cessation in patients with COPD. Our findings suggest that this tool could impact behavioural determinants of provider smoking-cessation advice delivery, while increasing patient quit motivation. Impacts of the tool on provider care, patient motivation to quit, and smoking cessation success should now be evaluated in real-world settings.Medicine, Faculty ofPharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty ofNon UBCMedicine, Department ofOccupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Department ofRespiratory Medicine, Division ofReviewedFacultyResearcherOthe